Lignin for energy applications – state of the art, life cycle, technoeconomic analysis and future trends

Anne Beaucamp; Muhammad Muddasar; Ibrahim Saana Amiinu; Marina Moraes Leite; Mario Culebras; Kenneth Latha; María C. Gutiérrez; Daily Rodriguez-Padron; Francisco del Monte; Tadhg Kennedy; Kevin M. Ryan; Rafael Luque; Maria-Magdalena Titirici; Maurice N. Collins

doi:10.1039/D2GC02724K

Lignin for energy applications – state of the art, life cycle, technoeconomic analysis and future trends

Anne Beaucamp,^a Muhammad Muddasar,

^a Ibrahim Saana Amiinu,^b Marina Moraes Leite,^b Mario Culebras,^c Kenneth Latha,^d María C. Gutiérrez,^e Daily Rodriguez-Padron,

^f Francisco del Monte,

^e Tadhg Kennedy,^bg Kevin M. Ryan,^bg Rafael Luque,

^f Maria-Magdalena Titirici

^d and Maurice N. Collins

*^ag

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Stokes Laboratories, School of Engineering, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
E-mail: Maurice.collins@ul.ie

^b Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

^c Institute of Material Science, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

^d Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK

^e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain

^f Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, 14014 Cordoba, Spain

^g SFI AMBER Centre, University of Limerick, Ireland

Abstract

Lignin is produced in large quantities as a by-product of the papermaking and biofuel industries. Lignin is the most abundant aromatic biopolymer on the planet with its chemical structure rendering it ideal for carbon materials production and finely tailored architectures of these sustainable carbon materials are beginning to find use in high value energy applications. This review focuses on lignin chemistry, various lignin extraction and fractionation techniques, and their impact on lignin structure/property relationships for energy applications are discussed. Chemistries behind important and emerging energy applications from recent research on this increasingly valuable sustainable polymer are described.

This article is part of the themed collection: Green Chemistry Reviews

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Lignin for energy applications – state of the art, life cycle, technoeconomic analysis and future trends

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